Highway 32 Firing Ops and Fire Effects – Park Fire

Successful Firing Operation at the Park Fire: A Case Study

Satellite imagery by Zeke Lunder
Written by Ryan Stephens

In late July, we took a trip up Highway 32 to observe the aftermath of a firing operation conducted to control the spread of the Park Fire. This operation was a critical measure to mitigate the risk of the fire jumping Highway 32 and potentially impacting Butte Meadows. The firing operation created a buffer zone by intentionally setting controlled fires along the North side of 32 to depriving the main fire of fuel. We are pleased to report that the operation was a success and the areas we visited within the firing operation showed a mix of mostly beneficial effects.

The area burned in the firing operation – Highway 32 is on top of mixed brown and blue area. Pure brown areas burned before 7/27/2024 with more severe weather conditions, and all trees here were killed. Blue areas generally have green foliage remaining in the canopy. Source: Sentinel/European Space Agency

Check out the video of us driving through the area burned between 7/28 and 8/1. Note, some of this area had natural fire spread. We don’t have intel yet on how the interior of the area burned while the firing operations were occurring were lit, or if they were lit at all:

During our visit to the area burned adjacent to Highway 32, we observed a wide range of fire effects. The evidence on the ground was clear: the areas where where ladder fuels were well managed and large trees had wide spacing burned with low intensity, and in many areas, it appears the fire struggled to carry through the understory. Remarkably, even some patches of grass and thick needles in the understory remained unburned.

Other areas, where trees had been recently replanted in clear-cuts with full sun, the fire’s impact was higher.

Sentinel satellite imagery from after the burn further corroborates these observations. The satellite data shows intact canopy coverage (blue) throughout most of the previously forested area impacted by the firing operation. This imagery highlights the wide variety of fire effects possible, even in thick forests, when burning conditions ease due to cooler temperatures, lower winds, higher humidities, a more stable atmosphere, or combinations of all of these factors.

View to the west over Highway 32, west of Butte Meadows. Red areas are the perimeter of the fire on the first or second day of firing. Base imagery shows the fire effects after the fire had burned into the firing operations.

The following maps show a flip-book style progression of Highway 32 Firing Ops. Each of these photos show the Park Fire perimeter, starting July 27th and ending July 31st. Roughly 24 hours time passed between each image. The Sentinel imagery above and the images below are taken from the exact same location and help to narrate the story of how fire moved through the landscape.

Benefits of the Firing Operation and Natural Burning under Milder Weather

The firing operation not only successfully controlled the Park Fire along Highway 32 but the area where the fire burned freely, adjacent to the firing operation also brought ecological benefits similar to what we often set out to accomplish with prescribed fire:

Reduced Fuel Load: By burning the understory and other combustible materials in a controlled manner, the operation reduced the fuel load, thereby lowering the risk of future fires.
Nutrient Recycling: The low-intensity fire helped recycle nutrients back into the soil, promoting healthier forest regeneration. It also killed small conifer seedlings. This will help keep the forest more open, and less prone to future high-severity fires.
Habitat Improvement: The firing operation created a mosaic of different habitat types, benefiting various species of wildlife.

The Park Fire Highway 32 firing operation is a powerful example of how strategic use of fire during firefighting can actually result in ecological benefits to our forests and increase the longer-term fire resilience of nearby communities when the timing is right.